If you are inspecting the purchase of a new watch for yourself, or as a gift, you will need to resolve whether to choose one with a mechanical movement or the automated alternative. In this short report the differences between each type of watch are summarised to help you make the best selection for your circumstances.
Mechanical Watches
A mechanical watch is named because the outer case contains a mechanical movement of the type that were first used in clocks for centuries before being adapted for watches.
When you wind a mechanical watch you are winding a main spring in the movement and it's this that provides the power to control the other workings of the movement that keep the time. An escapement turns the rotational movement you created when winding the watch into the back and forth movement of a pendulum (as in a grandfather clock), or a equilibrium wheel in a watch. It is this part of the watch that regulates the time. Gears connect the escapement to the hands of the watch in the display on the face of the watch.
There are two types of mechanical watch, automated (sometimes called self-winding) and hand wound.
Automatic Watches
The natural movement of the arm and wrist of the watch wearer winds the main spring of an automated watch. This movement causes a rotating weight called a rotor to move back and forth; it's this movement that winds the spring. automated watches have the quality to build a preserve of power, commonly colse to 36-hours worth, that keeps the watch working when it is not being worn, at night-time for instance. However, if this preserve power is allowed to run down the watch will need to be re-wound manually and re-set before being able to tell the time again. An addition whole of people, especially collectors who may have many watches, use an automated watch winder to ensure the power preserve is maintained when the watch is not being worn. This allows them to choose the watch they wish to wear each day without the necessity of re-setting it.
Quartz Watches
Although quartz crystals have been in regular use for many years to give an accurate frequency for radio transmitters, receivers and computers, they only became a base source of power for watches in the 1970's. Quartz is silicon dioxide and has a quite miraculous quality that allows it to originate an electrical fee on its surface when compressed or bent.
A quartz watch needs a battery to power it and it's the power from this that makes the quartz crystal begin to ring or oscillate. The yield of the oscillator is then converted to pulses favorable for the digital circuits in the watch. This in turn creates continuous one-second pulses that drive a tiny galvanic motor that is associated to acceptable gears to drive the hands. A quartz watch doesn't need to be wound and works without intervention until the battery dies, which typically is two or three years after purchase or last replacement. Once the battery is replaced the watch returns to life.
Mechanical or quartz, which is best?
As you can read from the above, both types of watches have benefits, but for the watch aficionado there is only one winner. There is no disputing the fact that a quartz watch is more accurate than a mechanical watch, will want less servicing and commonly be more trustworthy than its more antique relative. It should be said, however, that a good quality mechanical watch that is well maintained and cared for can last for centuries so it is hardly unreliable!
However, for lovers of fine watches, the craftsmanship and possible attractiveness of a mechanical movement watch will always win out against a quartz watch. The antique art of watch development is embodied in the creation of mechanical complications and most of us can afford a integrate of seconds a day slippage in our everyday lives.
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